DIY adaptive equipment and shoulder support during pediatric patient transfers

Shoulder subluxation involves a partial dislocation of the glenohumeral joint in which the humeral head moves partially out of its normal position within the glenoid fossa of the scapula. This displacement disrupts the articulation between the surfaces of the humerus and the scapula, leading to instability and compromised function of the shoulder joint. Biomechanically, shoulder subluxation can occur because of various factors, such as muscle weakness, ligament laxity, or trauma, which contribute to the imbalance of forces acting on the shoulder joint. Anatomically, the glenohumeral joint relies on an interplay of structures, including the glenoid labrum, joint capsule, ligaments, and surrounding musculature, to maintain stability. Disruption of these structures can predispose individuals to shoulder subluxations.